{"id":2070,"date":"2026-11-10T12:42:49","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T11:42:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peregrinus.hu\/reformatus-vartemplom-nagyenyed\/"},"modified":"2026-11-10T12:42:52","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T11:42:52","slug":"biserica-reformata-din-cetate-aiud","status":"publish","type":"cpt_services","link":"https:\/\/peregrinus.hu\/ro\/reformatus-vartemplom-nagyenyed\/","title":{"rendered":"Biserica reformat\u0103 din cetate \u2013 Aiud (Nagyenyed)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Biserica reformat\u0103 din cetatea Aiudului (Nagyenyed) se afl\u0103 \u00een inima ora\u0219ului Colegiului Bethlen G\u00e1bor, \u00eentre zidurile medievale, \u0219i este unul dintre cele mai importante locuri memoriale ale calvinismului transilv\u0103nean: aici s-au desp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een 1564 bisericile luteran\u0103 \u0219i calvin\u0103 \u0219i aici a fost ales primul episcop al Bisericii Reformate maghiare din Transilvania. Turnul de 61 de metri este cea mai veche construc\u021bie a ora\u0219ului.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prima biseric\u0103 a Aiudului a fost \u00eenchinat\u0103 Sf\u00e2ntului Egidiu \u2013 at\u00e2t numele rom\u00e2nesc, c\u00e2t \u0219i cel maghiar al ora\u0219ului provin de la numele s\u0103u. Turnul de vest al bisericii actuale a fost construit ini\u021bial ca turn de paz\u0103 al cet\u0103\u021bii, \u00eentre 1222 \u0219i 1239; cetatea este men\u021bionat\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00eentr-un privilegiu emis de regele Ladislau al IV-lea la 7 noiembrie 1293. \u00cen secolul al XV-lea, pe locul bisericii romanice de pe la 1200 s-a ridicat o biseric\u0103 gotic\u0103 t\u00e2rzie, a c\u0103rei nav\u0103 a fost alipit\u0103 turnului \u00een 1480. Cetatea, un pentagon neregulat cu un perimetru de 350 de metri, era \u00eent\u0103rit\u0103 cu bastioane ap\u0103rate de bresle.<\/p>\n

Ora\u0219ul a trecut la Reform\u0103 \u00een 1551, c\u00e2nd primul s\u0103u preot a semnat confesiunea luteran\u0103. La sinodul din aprilie 1564, prezidat de Giorgio Biandrata, trimisul principelui, curentele luteran \u0219i calvin din Transilvania s-au desp\u0103r\u021bit, iar Ferenc D\u00e1vid a fost ales episcop. \u00cen 1599, sinodul general a hot\u0103r\u00e2t ca sinodul de iarn\u0103 s\u0103 se \u021bin\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna la Aiud, iar \u00een 1682, \u00eentre aceste ziduri a fost \u00eenfiin\u021bat Consistoriul Suprem al Bisericii Reformate din Transilvania, precursorul actualului Consiliu Director. \u00centre 1780 \u0219i 1849, ora\u0219ul a fost sediul episcopal al Eparhiei Reformate a Transilvaniei.<\/p>\n

\"Biserica<\/p>\n

Biserica a fost distrus\u0103 de cinci ori \u00eempreun\u0103 cu ora\u0219ul: de t\u0103tari \u00een 1241\u201342, de o\u0219tile lui Mihai Viteazul \u00een 1600, de turci \u00een 1658, de trupele generalului imperial Rabutin la 16 martie 1704 \u2013 c\u00e2nd s-a pr\u0103bu\u0219it bolta gotic\u0103 a navei \u2013 \u0219i, \u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it, \u00een timpul masacrului din ianuarie 1849. Dup\u0103 incendiul din 1704, biserica a r\u0103mas exclusiv a reforma\u021bilor, iar sa\u0219ii luterani \u0219i-au construit propria biseric\u0103 \u00een cetate. Interiorul actual, baroc t\u00e2rziu, cu trei nave, s-a conturat \u00een timpul reconstruc\u021biei din 1794\u20131804, c\u00e2nd a fost ad\u0103ugat balconul; orga a urmat \u00een 1811. Din cl\u0103direa original\u0103 s-au p\u0103strat doar sanctuarul \u0219i zidurile exterioare. \u00cen turnul cu opt niveluri urc\u0103 o scar\u0103 \u00een spiral\u0103, din care se deschid ancadramente gotice de u\u0219i. Biserica a fost restaurat\u0103 complet \u00eentre 2018 \u0219i 2023, iar inaugurarea festiv\u0103 a avut loc la 27 octombrie 2024.<\/p>\n

Vizitare:<\/strong> biserica se afl\u0103 \u00een centrul Aiudului, \u00een curtea cet\u0103\u021bii de l\u00e2ng\u0103 pia\u021ba principal\u0103, la c\u00e2\u021biva pa\u0219i de Colegiul Bethlen G\u00e1bor, \u00eentemeiat \u00een 1622 \u0219i aflat aici din 1662. Ora\u0219ul se afl\u0103 pe drumul principal \u0219i pe calea ferat\u0103 dintre Alba Iulia \u0219i Cluj-Napoca. Curtea cet\u0103\u021bii este liber accesibil\u0103; pentru vizitarea interiorului bisericii, interesa\u021bi-v\u0103 la oficiul parohial reformat. Turnul \u0219i zidurile pot fi \u00eenconjurate din interiorul cet\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n

Surse: Wikipedia<\/a> \u00b7 Wikipedia (englez\u0103)<\/a> \u00b7 Wikipedia (rom\u00e2n\u0103)<\/a><\/p>\n

Foto: Zinneke \/ Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a> \u00b7 Foto: Thaler Tamas \/ Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 ro<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az erd\u00e9lyi reform\u00e1tuss\u00e1g b\u00f6lcs\u0151je a nagyenyedi v\u00e1r falai k\u00f6z\u00f6tt: itt v\u00e1lt sz\u00e9t 1564-ben a lutheri \u00e9s a k\u00e1lvini egyh\u00e1z, \u00e9s itt v\u00e1lasztott\u00e1k els\u0151 p\u00fcsp\u00f6kk\u00e9 D\u00e1vid Ferencet.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":990007,"featured_media":2068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-2070","cpt_services","type-cpt_services","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","cpt_services_group-erdely-partium"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nReform\u00e1tus v\u00e1rtemplom \u2013 Nagyenyed - Peregrinus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A nagyenyedi reform\u00e1tus v\u00e1rtemplom: 13. sz\u00e1zadi torony, 1564-es zsinat, D\u00e1vid Ferenc, k\u00e9s\u0151 barokk \u00fajj\u00e1\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s, 2024-es \u00e1tad\u00e1s \u00e9s l\u00e1togat\u00e1s.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/peregrinus.hu\/ro\/biserica-reformata-din-cetate-aiud\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reform\u00e1tus v\u00e1rtemplom \u2013 Nagyenyed - 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